Oil burner



May 27, 1930. w. F. SCHALLER OIL BURNER Filed March 15, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 VIII/1111111111111!!! 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 75's ATTORNEY May 27, 1930. w. F. SCHALLER OIL BURNER Filed March 15, 1927 I l 1 I L L L Patented May 27, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM F. scnALLEn, or ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR 'ro M. w. nnnnmcn, on NEW YORK, n. Y.

OIL BURNER Q Application filed March V15, 1927. Serial Normans.

5 efficient in operation; which will effectively provide the greatest amount of heat for the minimum amount I of fuel; which will be readily adaptable for heating different types of houses in different climates and which will 10 be extremely flexible in operation by. reason of its arrangement of several burners which may be either operative singly or collectively.

Through the novel arrangement of burners forming part of my improved device, a small 15 and compact oil burner is provided, having the heating capacity; of nearly double the capacity of the ordinary oil burning devices in use at the present time.

A further object of my invention is to pro- 20 vide a burner of the type herein mentioned,

which will be provided with a novel shut-off device for automatically cutting ofi the supply of fuel in the event of'the failure of the burner to function.

With these objects and such other objects as may hereinafter appear, in view, I have devisedthe particular arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth and more particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing forming a part hereof in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved burner Figure 2 is a plan view of the same;

Figure 3 is a sectional view on the line 33 of Figure 2 looking in the direction of the arrows; and I Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the manner in which my improved burner is installed, and also showing the use of a siphon type .of ventilator for augmenting the natural draught of air supply.

In the embodiment of m invention disclosed in the accompanying rawings, 1 indicates the air chamber or draught passage of the burner. The chamber is preferably substantially square in cross-section and is divided into the two parts, 2 and 3. The part 3 supports the burners proper, and it is that part of the casing which fits within the body of the furnace 100 as disclosed in Figure 4.

The part 2 acts to support the oil distributing tanks and other mechanism which will be hereinafter described.

In order-to provide means for lengthening or elongating the air passage 1 to accommodate the device to various types of furnaces, the parts 2 and 3 are provided with abutting flanges 4 and 5 from which extend ears 6 and 7. These ears 6 and 7 are clamped together by bolts 8, so that the parts 2 and 3 of the chamber 1 are joined together to form the passage into a single continuous chamber. The chamber may be elongated or lengthened by removing the bolts 8 and inserting an extension piece between the flanges 4 and 5. The part 2 of the chamber 1 is providedwith laterally extending ears 9 and 10 which are secured to the upper ends of supports 11, the lower ends of said supports resting upon bases 12. The upper ends of these supports 11 are preferably threaded as at 13 and lock nuts 14 are provided on said threaded ends to permit the entire device to be first adjusted to a level position and then held in'such position. The opposite end of the chamber or part 3 is somewhat-similarly supported on a standard 11.

The chamber 1 acts, as was heretofore men- 7 tioned, as an air inlet for the air supply, and the air enters through a normally open end or mouth 15 which may be held in such open position, or in a closed or partly closed position by means of a series of shutters 16 which are pivoted at 17, and are normally heldin an open position by a depending weight 18. A valve arrangement not shown, may be utilized if desired, to open, close or ad ust said shutters .16 to any position as may be required to regulate the flow of air to the burn- I utilized with my improved burner, as such blowersor fans necessitate the use of a dr1ving motor and a source of power for operating the same. The flow of air through the passage 1 is a normal one and as will be seen in Figure 1, I augment the normal air flow by utilizing what is known as a siphon ventllatmg de- .vice indicated at 101 on a flue 102' of the cones 103 arranged around'the flue orifice 104. These cones 103 are surrounded by a frusto-conical enclosing piece 105. At 106 is a conical deflector having its underside in reverse. conical form asat 107. At 108 is a band which extendsabout the deflector. It will be understood that the siphon device illustrated is one of a number now in use,

but in every instance such devices have been used merely for ventilatin rooms or build:

to utilize such type of devicefor augmenting a natural air draft to an oil burning device.

The upper surface of the chamber or passa e 1 acts as a support for a pair ofoil' distriliuti'ng tanks 19 and 20. The tank 20 is held in an elevated position upon'a-gmdestal or sup ort 21 so that it retainsits el at a higher evel than that in the tank 19. Each of the tanks 19 and 20 are similar in construction so that a description of one will suflice for the other. The tank 19 is connected to a supply pipe 22, which extends from a suitable reservoir tank notshown and from which oil normally flows by gravityor force feed through the pipe 22 and into the tank 19. A similar su pl pi 22 delivers oil to the tank 20. ai tan 19 and 20 are each provided vwith a cover 23 and located within each of said tanks is a rforated stand pipe 24. Said stand pipe 24 isprovided with a plurality ofconical perforations 25. Said perfora- "tions 25 have their widest opening at the outer periphery of the pipe and their smallest opening at the inner periphery." The pur ose of making the openings of this articu ar conical form is to permit the oi 26 in the tank to flow readily into these openings, 'yet itsflow through the openin s will' be retarded b the contraction of sai ings toward t e inner eriphery of the pipe, and the oilwill'trickle own within said pipe e and be normally kept at a lower level than-t- 4 level of theoil within the tank.

In order to prevent the entry ofdirt or other foreign material in these openings 25, a protective strainer or screen 27 is placed over siphon device illustrated consists of a series and I am the first, as ar as I am aware,-

feedpipe 28 is a valve chamber 29 which is provided with a valve seat 30'. ;-Extending u wardly from the valve chamber 29is a gui e member 31 in which a valve stem 32-is movable; The valve stem 32 hasits lower end ter-- minating in a valve head -33which is intended to seat-upon the valve seat 30 and to. close the same and shut off the supply of oil from thetank 19.

tending into-a groove 36 in the stem 32. At 3 I 37 is a pawl which is pivoted at 38 and which engages with a recess 39- in the trip member 35.

The outer en'd of the pawl 37 is connected j to a rod 40 from the. lower end of which is suspended a trip pan or receptacle 41. This At 34 is a weight-which aimed on he trip pan or receptacle 41 is intended to catch] any oil that may overflow in case of failure ofthe burner to function, and theweiight of such oi-l deposited in the pan 41 will cause said pan to draw down upon the pawl 37,

' whereupon said pawl willdraw the trip member 35 out oi the groove 36 in the valve stem 32. When thisoccu'rs, the weight 34 will' force the valve downward causing said valve 33 to come to rest on the seat, 30 immediately shutting oh the supply of oil from the tank 19. The feed pipe 28 continues toward the burner from the valve chamber 29 and at '42 is-shown an expansion joint which permits the required'e'xpansion of said pipe as I Y may be requiredby heat-or otherwise. -At 43, the pipe 28 is provided with an upwardly nects through another el w. 46 to a down ward part 47. This downward part 47. is so positioned that it extends directly over the trip pan 41, so. that overflow; oil .passin through the parts 43, 44, 45, 46 and 47 wi l posed of a number of partscomprising, first a supporting plate 48. ,This plate 48 has a central air opening 49 and a plurality of additional air openings 50. These openings 50 are located over an enlarged or rounded end 51 on the air chamber'l. -Theyplate 48 is 65 and around the pipe24, which strainer or provided with a flange 52 which is secured 110" extending branch which is connected by an elbow 44 to a horizontal art 45 which con-X by bolts 53 to a flange 54 formed on the rounded (part 51 of the air chamber.

Exten ing upward from the plate 48 and forming an integral part thereof,- is an enclosing wall-55. This wall 55 is fconnected toand forms the seat for an inwardly curled air deflector plate 56 which acts to divert the air stream or flow'down on the burner plate 57. Said burner plate 57 is in the nature of a shallow receptacle having a circumferential wall 58 and a corrugated or roughened upper face 59. Said corrugated face 59 is so designed for the purpose of breaking up the stream of oil which flows over said plate, dividing said flow to such an. extent as to greatly aid in the vaporization of the same and very eflectively creating a suitable mixture for combustion. The burner plate 57 is supported upon a supporting member. 60 which-is bolted at 61 to the plate 48. Said support 60 is provided with a grooved top as at 61 so that when the burner plate 57 rests upon the support 60 an air space 62 is provided between the under face of the plate 57 and the upper face of the support 60. This air space serves to retain the heat of the burner plate and aids in producing an effective combustion of the oil and air mixture. The support 60 is provided with an exterior wall 63 and a spaced inner wall 64. A space is thus provided between the walls 63 and 64 and the feed pipe 28 enters into this space 65 and supplies the oil thereto.

It will be seen that the burner plate 57 is provided with a central opening through which the wall 64 extends. The central opening in the plate 57 is of greater diameter than the diameter of the wall 64 so that a circumferential opening indicated at 66 is provided from the periphery of said wall, downwardly projecting studs 67 are provided on the underface of the burner plate 57 and these studs project into the space 65 and bear against the inner periphery of the outer wall 63.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that oil fed through the feed pipe 28 will pass through said pipe andinto the space 65, passing upward through the opening 66 and. thence trickling out on the corrugated surface 59 of the plate 57 where it is broken up for vaporization. Air is fed through the air passage 1 into the rounded chamber 51 and thence diverted upward through the openings 50 until it reaches the curled airdiverting plate 56 by which the air flow is 57 which is heated, causes vaporization of the oil as it reaches said plate, and the inflow of air through the course just mentioned, creates a highly combustible mixture.

The wall 64 of the burner-plate supportingmember 60 surrounds an air inlet 68 which extends upward' and projects above the corrugated face 59 on the burner plate 57. It will be seen that at a position above the face of said plate 57, the Wall 64 is provided with a plurality of slots or openings 69'so that air passing upward through the passage 68 can pass out through said-opening 69 and such air will be directed downward upon the face of the plate 5.7 by the concave surfaces 70 on an upper burner support 71. Said upper burner support 71 rests upon the upper end of the wall 64 and it is provided with a boss .72 which rests in and forms a continuation of the passage 68. Said upper burner support 71 is provided with an oil receiving space 72, to which oil is fed by a supply pipe 73 which extends downward and connects to the distribution tank 20. Oil, being fed tosaid space 7 2 is :forced upward through the narrow opening 73 located between the outer surface of the boss 72 and the inner face of a central'opening provided in an upper burner plate 7 4. Said upper burner plate is somewhat similar in shape to the lower burner plate 57 and functions in a similar manner. The upper plate 74 is supplied with a corrugated or roughened upper surface 75 and also has its under surface provided with positioning lugs 76 so that its properposition relative to the outer surface of the boss 72 may at all times be maintained.

A mushroom-shaped deflector cap 77 rests on top of the boss 72, the under or concave face of said deflector plate 77 being provided with seating lugs 78, which fit over the upper edge of the boss 72 and hold said plate thereon. It will be seen that a flow of air passing upward through the passage 68 will be distributed through the openings 69 and be thence deflected down upon the plate 57 by the deflecting surfaces 70. A part of such air flow will however, continue upward through the boss 72 and will strike the under or concave surface of the deflector plate 77 and will there be deflected down by such surface upon the oil covered corrugated face of the upper burner plate 74.

The supply pipe 73 which furnishes the'oil supply to the upper burner, extends downward through the passage 68 and registering opening 49 in the plate 48, and thence continues onward through the air passage 1 back to the distributing tank 20. Said pipe 73 is provided with a valve chamber 79'which may be similar in all respects to the valve chamber 29 on the other feed pipe 28. Said valve chamber 79 is provided with a valve seat 80 and a valve 81, adapted, when it rests upon the seat 80, to close the same and prevent the flow of oil from the tank 20. The

valve'81 is provided with an upwardly extending guide 82, within which the valve 5 stem 83 moves. A. Weight 84 is secured on the upper end of the valve stem 83 and this weight tends to normally hold the valve 81 upon its seat 80.

' At 85 is shown a trip member which is similar to the trip member 35. This trip member 85 normally fits into a slot 86 in the stem 83. At 87 is shown a pawl which is pivoted at 88,

' and the end of said pawl rests in a slot 89 in the trip member 85. The opposite end of the pawl 87 is pivoted at 90 to an upwardly extending stem 91 which is movable in a guide 92. The upper end of said stem 91 is provided with a head 93 and said head is adapted to be .struck by the descending weight 34 on the valve stem 32 so that the descent of the valve 33 will through the mechanism just described, cause the valve 81 to descend and out ofi the supplyof oil to the upper burner through the pipe 73. r From the foregoing, the manner in which my improved burner operates will be readily understood. The air flow is a natural draught which enters through the shutters 16 at the end of the air chamber or passage 1. Said draught is increased or augmented by the siphon. device 101 heretofore described. The air passes up through the openings 50 and through the passage composed of the opening 49, the passage 64 and the boss 72.

. Through this course, air is supplied to thelower burner plate 57 and to the upper burner plate 47. By means of the deflecting plates consisting of the parts 56, 70 and 77, the air flow is properly diverted downward upon the two burner plates 57 and 74 so that the oil which trickles out upon these two hot plates and becomes vaporized by the heat of such plates is promptly formed into a highlycombustible mixture- The distribution tank 20 is located at a higher level than the tank 19 so that it will at all times properly supply by the force of ll gravity, the upper burner, which is in my im- P proved construction, located. at a higher point than the lower burner 57 Should the lower burner 57 fail to roperly function, the oil will continue its ow out upon the plate 57 until the height of such oil reaches a point equal to the height of the pipe 45 in the U- shaped drip connection. When this occurs, the oil will begin to pass out through the parts 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 and descend into the trip pan 41. When the weight of the oil in the pan 41 becomes sufficient, it will draw downwardon the pawl 37, pivoting said pawl about its pivot 38 and causing the trip member 35 to be drawn outiof the slot 36 in the valve stem 32. The moment that this occurs, the valve will descend under the impulse of the weight 34' and said valve head 33 will off the supply of oil through the feed pipe 73.

'the smaller burner 74.

come to rest upon the seat 30, thus effectively shutting off the supply of oil through the feed pipe 38. The weight 34 will in its descent strike against the head 93 on the stem 91 and thus cause the pawl 87 to swing about its pivot 88 and draw the trip member out of the slot 86 in the valve stem 83. Thus the valve 81 will, under the impulse of the weight 84 becaused to seat upon the seat 80 and shut If only the upper burner plate 74 is in'operation, with the supply of oil to the lower burner plate 57 being manually shut off by a valve or the like and for any reason,.the upper burner plate 74 ceases to function, the oil that is being fed to said plate will overflow the brim of said plate and drip down its sides reaching the air deflecting member 70. Said member 7 0 forms a natural drip for such overflow oil and it discharges such overflow down on to the burner plate 57. Such overflow oil will collect upon the plate 57 until the height of oil in said plate reaches the level of the U-shaped connection composed oi the parts 43, 44, 45 and 46. The overflow oil will then pass through said U- shaped connection and into the trip pan 41., The trip pan 41 will then function to operate the shut-ofl' valves as was previously ex lained.

t will be seen from the foregoing'that I have provided a burner which consists of a pair of concentric independent burners with an independent fuel supply for each burner,

and which may be operated together to pro-' vide an intense heat, or either the smaller upper burner or the larger lower burner ma be operated singly. This may be readily e fected by the utilization of a hand valve, which I have not shown for convenience in illustration, in either of the supply pipes 28. Through the medium of such valves, the supply of oil in either of'the feed pipes'73 and 28 may be cut off to cause one or the other of the burners, to cease functioning. Thus, approximately three different de rees of heating are obtainable by the use o my imroved burner. By this is meant that a very intense heat may be obtained by burning both of the burners together. A lesser de-' gree of heat can be obtained by burning only" the larger burner 57 and a still reduced degree of heat may be obtained by burning only ICC If desired, the upper burner can be removed quickly by disconnecting the supply pipe 7 3 at the point where it joins the boss 72; shutting off the supply of oil to said pipe and placing a mushroom shaped deflector, similar to that shown at 77 on top of the end of the wall 64.

It will be readily understood that this and many other modifications may be made in my improved burner, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

For the purpose of cleaning out the burners and keeping the supply pipes, as well as the spaces 66 and 73 clear and free from carbon,

'plate supported on said hollow support,

lneans for feeding fuel to said lower plate, an upper-burner plate supported above the lower plate, a second fuel supply means for feeding fuel to said upper plate, an air supply passage extending through the support and leading to the upper burner plate, a wall surrounding the lower burner plate and a deflecting plate on the upper end of said wall and overhanging the lower burner plate.

2. In an oil burning device, a hollow support forming an air passage, .a lower burner plate held on said support, an upper burner plate mounted above the lower plate, an air passage extending through said support, air openings in said support above the lower burner plate, air deflecting means above said lower plate for diverting an air flow down on the lower burner plate, an opening in the upper end of the support and air deflecting meansover said opening.

3. I11 an oil burning device, a burner-plate support, said support having concentric spaced-apart inner and outer walls, a fuel supply pipe leading to a space located between said walls, an annular burner plate supported at the upper termination of the outer wall, said burner plate being provided with a central opening greater than the diameter of the inner wall whereby a space is formed between the edge of said opening and the inner wall through which fuel fed between the walls by the fuel pipe may reach the burner plate, a second burner-support carried by the upper end of the inner wall, said second burner-support having an integral peripheral wall removably carrying a second burner-plate and also having an arched under face forming an air deflecting plate for the lower burner.

of burners, one of said burners located above the other, a common air passage leading to both of said burners, the lower burner being held on a support extending from the air supply means, the upper burner being held by a support located above the lower burner, said last-mentioned support forming an airdiverting means for the lower burner, and separate oil-Suppl means for each burner.

Signed at the clty of Alameda, county of Alameda, and State of California, this 7th day of March, 1927.

WILLIAM F. SCI-IALLER.

4. In a device of the class described, an oil burner having a double-walled hollow support provided with an internal air passage, an oil-receiving plate held on the outer wall of said support, oil supply means for said plate, a rest for a second oil-receiving plate located on the upper end of the inner wall of the support, means for supplying oil to said second plate, and means on said second plate support for diverting an air flow down on the first oil-receiving late.v

5. In a device 0 the class described, a pair 

